The Real Causes Of Nationalism And Imperialism History Essay

The Real Causes Of Nationalism And Imperialism History Essay Generally, war is the result of a national entity wishing to improve the standard of living for its people. A major second cause is when a nation perceives a possible reduction in a current standard of living and fights to protect what it at ready has. War is a behavior pattern exhibited by many primate species including human most basically and other species in the other hand like ant species. The primary feature of this behavior is a certain state of organized violent conflict that is engaged in between two or more separate social entities such conflict is always an attempt at altering either the psychological hierarchy or the material hierarchy of domination or equality between two or more groups. In all causes; at least one participant (group) in the conflict perceives the need to dominate the other participant. The perceived need for domination often arises from a belief that an essential ideology or resource is somehow either so incompatible or so scarce as to threaten the fundamental experience of the one group experiencing the need to dominate the other group. Leaders will sometimes enter into a war under the protest that their actions are primarily defensive, however when objectively their actions may more closely resemble a form of unprovoked, unwarranted or disproportionate aggression. World War I was the result of leaders aggression towards other countries which was supported by the rising nationalism of the European Nations. Economic and imperial competism and fear of war prompted military alliances and an arms race which will further escalate the tension contributing to the outbreak of war What really causes war are:- Nationalism Imperialism Bismarck and Alliance Collapse of Bismarck an Alliance Arms Race Crisis in Africa Nationalism At the settlement of the Vienna congress in 1815, the principle of nationalism was ignored in failure of keeping the peace. Germany and Italy were left as divided states, but strong nationalist movements and revolutions led to the unification of Italy in 1861 and Germany too in 1871. Another result of the Franco Prussian war of 1870-71 was that France was left of tumid the nation seethed with suppressed revolutionary activity over the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany and Revanche was a major goal for the French Nationalism posed a problem for Austria-Hungary and the Balkans area in Germany comprised of many conflicting national groups. The ardent pauslavism of Serbia and Russia willingness to support and contribute to its Slavic brother conflicted with Austria-Hungarys pan-Germanism. Imperialism The factor which contributed to the increase in rivalry in Europe was imperialism, because of the competition between these countries; Great Britain, Germany and France because they needed foreign markets after the increase in manufacturing caused by the industrial revolution. These countries were competing for economic expansion in Africa, although Britain and France resolved their differences in Africa, several crises fore-shadowing the war involved the clash of Germany against Britain and France in North Africa. In the Middle East, the crumbling Ottoman Empire was alluring to Austria-Hungary, the Balkans and Russia. BISMARCK AND ALLIANCES World War I was caused in part by the two opposing alliances developed by Bismarckian diplomacy that was after the Franco-Prussian war, and in order to diplomatically isolate France, Bismarck formed the three Emperors league in 1871 an alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia. When the French occupied Tunisia, Bismarck took advantage of the Italian indignation and resentment toward France and created the Triple Alliance between Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary in 1882. In exchange for Italys agreement to stay neutral, no distinctive quality or characteristic or type if war broke out between Austria-Hungary and Russian. Austria-Hungary and Germany would protect Italy from France. Russia and Austria-Hungary grew suspicious of themselves over conflict in the Balkans in 1887, but Bismarck repaired the damage to these suspicious to his alliances with a reinsurance Treaty with Russia, allowing both the two powers to stay neutral if the other was at War. COLLAPSE OF BISMARCKIAN ALLIANCES Bismarck was fired by Kaiser William II in 1890, the tradition dislike and dont like the idea of slaves kept Bismarcks successors from renewing the agreement with Russia. France took opportunity to get an ally-to place in a friendly association, as by treaty or to unite or connect and the Franco-Russian entente was formed in 1891. The Kruger Telegram William II sent to congratulate the leader of the Boers for defeating the British in 1890 and he gave the German soldiers instructions to behave like Huns in China during the Boxer Rebellion and particularly the large-scale navy he was Building all contributed to British distrust of Germany. As a result of that, Britain and France overlooked all major impenalistic conflict between them and formed an Entente coordinate in 1904. Russia formed an Entente with Britain in 1907 after they reached an agreement with Britains ally Japan and William II had further alienated Russia by supporting Austrian ambitions in the Balkans. The Triple Entente, an informal coalition between Great Britain, France and Russia now countered the Triple Alliance. International tension was greatly increased by the division of Europe into two armed camps. ARMS RACE The menace (something that threatens to cause evil, harm, injury or a threat) of the hostile division led to an arms race, another cause of World War I. Acknowledging that Germany was the leader in military organization and efficiency the great powers of Europe copied the universal conscription, large reserve and detailed planning of the Prussian system. Organizational and Technological developments led to the formation of general staffs with precise plans for mobilization and attack that often could not be reversed once they were begun. The German Von Schlieffen plan to attack France before Russia in the event of the war with Russia was once such complicated plan that attracted and drew more countries into war than necessary. Armies and Navies were greatly expanded. The standing armies of France and Germany doubled the size between 1870 and 1914. Naval expansion was also extremely competitive, particularly between Germany and Great Britain. By 1889, the British had established the p rinciple that in order to maintain naval superiority in the event of war, they would have to have a navy two and a half times as large as the second-largest navy. This motivated the British to launch the Dreadnought, invented by Admiral Sir John Fisher in 1906. The Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 had demonstrated how effective these battleships were. As Britain increased their output of battleships, Germany correspondingly stepped up their naval production including the Dreadnought. Although efforts for worldwide disarmament (the act of laying down arms especially the reduction or abolition of a nations military forces and armaments) were made at the Hague conferences of 1899 and 1907 international rivalry caused the arms race to continue to feed on itself. CRISIS IN AFRICA The friction (the rubbing of one object or surface against another conflict, as between persons having dissimilar ideas or interest) of an armed and divided Europe escalated into several crises in Morocco and the Balkans which nearly ended in war. In 1905, Germany announced its support of independence for Morocco, the African colony which Britain had given France in 1904. The British defended the French and war was avoided by the international conference in Algeciras in 1906 which allowed France to make Morocco a French protectorate. BOSNIAN CRISIS OF 1908 There was conflict incited by the Austria-Hugarian annexation of the former Turkish province of Bosnia in 1908. The Greater Serbia threatened war on Austria-Hungary. Russia had pledged their support to Serbia, so they began to mobilize, which caused Germany, allied with Austria-Hungary, to threaten war on Russia. The beginning of World War I was postponed when Russia backed down but relations between Austria-Hungary and Serbia were greatly strained.

All Animals Are Equal Essay

In order to understand Peter Singer’s article â€Å"All Animals Are Equal†, one has to look at his viewpoint and perspective. Singer is a utilitarian, which is someone who believes that best outcome is something that causes that greatest amount of pleasure (or the least amount of pain) for the greatest number of people. However, in this definition the word ‘people’ is used, as to mean only humans. This is the point that Singer is trying to argue. Who is to say that animals don’t feel pain or experience happiness? Singer believes in the equal consideration of interests, and that we should extend this basic principle to other species. In Singer’s first point on extending equal consideration, he poses the question, if a lesser intelligence cannot be used to morally discriminate against humans, then how can it be used to discriminate against animals? Singer explains that he’s not saying both groups should be treated exactly the same, because there are differences between species, therefore they should have different rights. Singer states, â€Å"The interests of every being affected by an action are to be taken into account and given the same weight as the like interests of any other being† (LaFollette, 110). For a being to have interests, they must have the capability to enjoy life and suffer. He points out that any animal would have an interest in not being tormented, so it does not suffer. We could be sure that animals feel pain based on the fact that they show the same signs used by humans that show they feel pain. For example, if a person would to step on a dog’s tail he might bark, t he same as if a human had their hand slammed in the door they would yell. Singer brings up the issue of sexism and racism. No matter how we may try to look at it, not all humans are equal. He argues, â€Å"†¦a person’s sex is no guide to his or her abilities, and this is why it is unjustifiable to discriminate on the basis of sex† (LaFollette, 109), and the same goes for racism – basing a person’s abilities based on the color of their skin is just as absurd. Racism and sexism are both morally wrong, therefore so is speciesism. Another point the Singer brings up is how humans let their own interests take priority over other species. The fact that we eat animals shows that we  think of them as nothing more than a â€Å"means to our ends†. This is true because there are other, more nutritional, ways to meet our needs. By doing this we cause additional suffering for animals. Moreover, the cruel behavior that we put these animals through before they are killed for us to eat. Yet another type of discrimination we perform on these animals is experimentation to see the affects of substances and if they are safe on humans. Basically, animal experimentation and consumption is wrong except if we were willing to perform the same acts on a human with similar capabilities. Singer reasons that, â€Å"a full-grown horse or dog is beyond comparison a more rational, as well as a more conversable animal, than an infant of a day, or a week, or even a month† (LaFollette, 110). He argues that if we cannot experiment on humans with severe brain damage or defective infants, then we should not experiment on animals. Furthermore, killing animals for food would be the same as killing these humans for food. Singer is saying that if instead of treating these defective infants that don’t stand a chance, we should use them to test medical treatments, which in the end is the greater good for more people. The last aspect of speciesism that Singer talks about is philosophers trying to draw a distinct, clear line between the equality of humans and animals. However, in order to include all humans it would have to be a broad generalized definition, which could not go without including some animals also. Though an infant may not have superior characteristics to that of a dog, doesn’t mean that we can research on the infant; though it is looked at as quite all right to do research on a dog. Singer presents a sound argument on the rights of animals. As I have pointed out, all of his premises are true, and well backed up. For the most part I agree with his argument, except for the point he made on experimenting with infants or disabled humans. Though he did present his point well and backed it up, that just seemed to be the most controversial statement. I can understand his point of view of experimenting on a perfectly healthy animal who can feel pain, so why not a person who doesn’t have much of a future ahead, however I don’t agree with it. It comes down to quality of life. It might work as a hypothetical situation about some unknown infant, but what  family would actually give up their child for experimentation? Or even a loved one who may be disabled? There is an emotional standpoint that I think Singer needs to address. Furthermore, I agree that since there are other means of getting the nutrition that we need, people should make an effort to eat less meat. Nonetheless, people will continue to eat meat due to the fact that they ignorant as to what exactly the animals go through before they are killed for us to eat. Personally, I believe that that is how people like it. Then that way they don’t have to feel guilty every time they pick up a hamburger, and they can just go on enjoying it. This is a controversial topic, and Singer proved his point that animals should be extended the equality of consideration that a person shows his own species. LaFollette, Hugh. Ethics in Practice. Published 1997. Copyright 1997, 2002. â€Å"Singer’s Utilitarian Animal Rights†. April 20, 2004.

Secrets About Parcc Essay Student Samples Grade 4 Exposed

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EFFECTS ON SERVICE QUALITY ON LIFE INSURANCE - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2774 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Life insurance has a long history in India. The Bombay Mutual Life Insurance Society was the first in business when it started insuring both Indian and non Indian lives for the same amount of premium. It has been recorded that the business of insurance was with overseas companies till the end of the nineteenth century. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "EFFECTS ON SERVICE QUALITY ON LIFE INSURANCE" essay for you Create order Insurance was regulated in the country with the passing of the Life Insurance Companies Act in the year 1912. The comprehensive legislation on insurance was passed in the year 1938 and was called the Insurance Act of 1938. This was necessitated by the occurrence of frauds in insurance and mushrooming of insurance companies. With this, insurance spread in India but was restricted to the major cities. The next big change in life insurance came in 1956 when the government brought over the private life insurance companies and the provident societies under one company called the Life Insurance Corporation (LIC), which enjoyed monopoly for the next four decades. The nationalization of insurance business was also necessitated by the needs of funds for the rapid industrialization envisaged at that time. In 1993, with the view of liberalizing the insurance sector, the government appointed the Malhotra committee to recommend the road map needed for opening up the insurance sector in the cou ntry. This was done to induce the much needed competitiveness in the industry which had become stagnated. The insurance market which was underdeveloped in the country slowly started to open up and increase its cover with the entry of the private players in 1999 when the government opened up the sector. Prior to this, life insurance was seen more as a tax saving instrument than a life insurance, even though LIC had been steadily covering some ground. The pace of coverage extension was found to be awfully inadequate. The private players customized the products and introduced innovations in annuity or pension products. The market is currently growing at a good pace. The life insurance market generated total revenues of $41.36 billion in 2007, thus representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.84% for the period spanning 2000-2007. Life insurance market had a growth of $22.46 billion within a period of 7 years with a growth rate of 118.24%. Estimated life premiums rose from IN R 1,301,540 million ($32.54 billion) in 2005 to INR 1,470,800 million ($36.77 billion) in 2006. It is expected that life premiums in 2011 will be $65.96 billion, a growth larger than they were in 2007. The performance of the market is forecast to accelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 9.78% for the four-year period 2007-2011 and expected to drive the market to a value of $65.96 billion by the end of 2011. There would be a growth of $24.6 billion i.e., 59.48% in the next 4 years. The penetration of life insurance is around 3% of GDP as of now and this is aimed to be increased to the 8% level. Vast sections of society are yet to be brought into the life insurance market. There are vast rural areas that are yet to learn about the life insurance and even in urban areas, the poor are still out of the purview of the life insurance. New companies are entering into the market and they are needed for penetrating the market further. There is also another dimension to this growth. People also see life insurance as an instrument to invest as the growth in Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIP) would establish. The investments in life insurance also cater to the increased savings from the households thus increasing the much needed domestic savings. Statement of the Problem Service quality has been defined as a gap between the customers expectations of a service and the customers perceptions of the service received (Parasuraman et al., 1985). The consumer satisfaction literature views these expectations as predictions about what is likely to happen during an impending transaction, whereas the service quality literature views them as desires or wants expressed by the consumer (Kandampully,2002). To date, there is no universal, parsimonious, or all-encompassing definition or model of service quality (Reeves Bednard, 1994, p. 436). Grà ¶nroos (1984) defines service quality as the outcome of an evaluation process where the consumer compares his expectations with the service he perceived he has received (p. 37). Definitions of quality have included: a) satisfying or delighting the customer or exceeding expectations; b) product of service features that satisfy stated or implied needs; c) conformance to clearly specified requirements; and d) fitness for us e, whereby the product meets the customers needs and is free of deficiencies (Chelladurai Chang, 2000).Life insurance companies strive to improve the quality of their services and the level of customer satisfaction in the belief that this effort will create loyal customers. Loyal customers will purchase the product and recommend it to others (Tian-Cole Cromption, 2003). Sparks and Westgate (2002) suggest that service failure can have devastating effects on an organization because customers frequently switch to a different provider when they experience a service failure. However, among customers who experience service problems, those who receive satisfactory resolution are more likely to remain loyal to the service provider (p. 214).It has been observed that insurance agents should constantly monitor the level of satisfaction among his/her customers to keep themselves close to the customers for fulfilling their needs(Joseph et al.,2003). Ennew et al.(1993) indicated that a comparis on of mean scores on the importance of service attributes provides a very effective method of measuring the ability of services to meet the needs of customers. Perceived service quality has a significant effect on the attitude towards obtaining insurance (Arora and stoner, 1996). Moreover, the degree of success in the implementation of enterprise in the life insurance industry is positively correlated to the management performance of external aspects like providing increased customer satisfaction (Luran et al.,2003).customer satisfaction and salespersons relation orientation significantly influences the future business opportunities and as the salespersons are able to enhance their relationship with the clients, clients are more satisfied and are more willing to trust and thus secures the long term demand for the services (tam and wong,2001). Hellier et al.(2003) found that in insurance purchase brand preference is an intervening factor between customer satisfaction repurchase inten tion and the main factor influencing the brand preference is the perceived value and customer satisfaction. Both the company and agents service quality as well as recommendations of friends are factors that significantly affect decision of purchasing life insurance policies (chow chua and Lim,2000).Stafford et al.(1998) in a study on auto casualty industry proved that reliability is consistently the most important determinant of both perceived service quality and feelings of satisfaction among customers engaged in auto industry claims. No such study has been carried out in the area of life insurance. Given the importance of the life insurance industry in India in terms of increasing market size, growing competition and the share of the total insurance Premium market, this research attempts to identify the service quality dimensions which contribute to the maximum customer satisfaction in the life insurance industry India. Research Objectives Following are the objectives of the research: To examine the Demographic and socio economic environments influence the different dimensions of service quality. To find out the relationship between the dimensions of service quality on Life insurance and its influence on the Policy holder Satisfaction as the mediating factor. To suggest suitable model for service quality on Life insurance. Conceptualized Research Model There are 9 dimensions were framed for this study. Those are; i) Policy,, ii) Procedure and formalities, iii) charges, iv) Premium and payment, v) communication, vi) settlement of claims, vii) care on customers, viii) Policy holder Satisfaction and ix) Customer Loyalty. Here Demographic variables, Policy, Procedure and formalities, charges, Premium and payment, communication, settlement of claims, care on customers, Policy holder Satisfaction are independent variables and Customer Loyalty is the dependent variable. It is studied that how and what extent the independent variables make changes in the dependent variable. The proposed conceptual research model shows the process of research as follows: Fig: 1: Conceptual Model for Studying the Mediating Effects on Service Quality on life insurance Methodology The research was basically a survey on the mediating effects of service quality on Life insurance in Tamilnadu. For this research, the data was collected through personal contacts, the sample frames were the individuals who are investing in life insurance policies. Sampling Method The sampling procedure used for the study was stratified random sampling. The stratification has been done based on the divisional offices in southern Zonal of Tamilnadu and from each divisional office, non-probabilistic convenience and judgmental sampling technique was used. At the initial stage, a pilot study was held at limited scale in order to know the scope and possibilities of the research. On the basis of experiences and findings of such study, the objectives were framed. Structured Questionnaire was used to collect primary data, consists of 58 questions with 7 points scale the response varied from Highly Dissatisfied to Highly Satisfied. 800 samples were collected throughout Tamilnadu by adopting the method of personal interview method. The questionnaire put under pre-testing among 50 sample respondents, and some corrections and modifications were made on the basis of pre-testing. Procedure for Data Analysis The data collected were analyzed for the entire sample. Data analyses were performed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) using techniques that included descriptive statistics, Correlation analysis and AMOS package for Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) testing. Structural Equation Modeling The main study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) because of two advantages: (1) estimation of multiple and interrelated dependence relationships, and (2) the ability to represent unobserved concepts in these relationships and account for measurement error in the estimation process (Hair et al., 1998, p. 584). In other words, a series of split but independent multiple regressions were simultaneously estimated by SEM. Therefore, the direct and indirect effects were identified (Tate, 1998). However, a series of separate multiple regressions had to be established based on theory, prior experience and the research objectives to distinguish which independent variables predict each dependent variable (Hair et al., 1998, p. 584). In addition, because SEM considers a measurement error, the reliability of the predictor variable was improved. AMOS 16.0, a computer program for formulating, fitting and testing Structural Equation Models (SEM) to observed data was used for SEM and the data preparation was conducted with SPSS 15.0. Linear Structural Equation Models (SEMs) are widely used in sociology, econometrics, management, biology, and other sciences. A SEM (without free parameters) has two parts: a probability distribution (in the Normal case specified by a set of linear structural equations and a covariance matrix among the error or disturbance terms) and an associated path diagram corresponding to the causal relations among variables specified by the structural equations and the correlations among the error terms. It is often thought that the path diagram is nothing more than a heuristic device for illustrating the assumptions of the model. However, in this research, the researcher will show how path diagrams can be used to solve a number of important problems in Structural Equation Modeling. Structural Equation Models (SEM) with latent variables are more and more often used to analyze relationships among variables in marketing and consumer research (see for in stance Bollen, 1989; Schumacker Lomax, 1996, or Batista-Foguet Coenders, 2000, for an introduction and Bagozzi, 1994 for applications to marketing research). Some reasons for the widespread use of these models are their parsimony (they belong to the family of linear models) their ability to model complex systems (where simultaneous and reciprocal relationships may be present, such as the relationship between quality and satisfaction) and their ability to model relationships among non-observable variables while taking measurement errors into account (which are usually sizeable in questionnaire data and can result in biased estimates if ignored). Hypotheses Development Demographic and socio economic environments influence the different dimensions of service quality. The dimensions of service quality influence the Policy holder Satisfaction as the mediating factor. Dimensions of service quality positively influence the Customer Loyalty towards the Life insurance policy. H1: The service quality dimensions (Policy, Procedure and formalities, charges, Premium and payment, communication, settlement of claims, care on customers) are mediated by Policy holder Satisfaction towards attainment of Customer Loyalty towards the life insurance policies. H2: The service quality dimensions (Policy, Procedure and formalities, charges, Premium and payment, communication, settlement of claims, care on customers) are positively influences the Customer Loyalty towards the life insurance policies. H3: The service quality mediating dimensions (Policy holder Satisfaction) positively influence the Customer Loyalty towards the life insurance policies. H4 : The service quality dimensions are positively correlated with each other. H5: The interaction between dimensions of the service quality and Policy holder Satisfaction will explain more of the variance in overall service quality than the direct influence of dimensions of service quality or Policy holder Satisfaction on their own. Results and Discussion Evaluation of Model Fit According to the usual procedures, the goodness of fit is assessed by checking the statistical and substantive validity of estimates, the convergence of the estimation procedure, the empirical identification of the model, the statistical significance of the parameters, and the goodness of fit to the covariance matrix. Since complex models are inevitably mis specified to a certain extent, the standard ÃÆ' Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡2 test of the hypothesis of perfect fit to the population covariance matrix is given less importance than measures of the degree of approximation between the model and the population covariance matrix. The Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) is selected as such a measure. Values equal to 0.05 or lower are generally considered to be acceptable (Browne Cudeck, 1993). The sampling distribution for the RMSEA can be derived, which makes it possible to compute confidence intervals. These intervals allow researchers to test for close fit and not only for e xact fit, as the ÃÆ' Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡2 statistic does. If both extremes of the confidence interval are below 0.05, then the hypothesis of close fit is rejected in favor of the hypothesis of better than close fit. If both extremes of the confidence interval are above 0.05, then the hypothesis of close fit is rejected in favor of the hypothesis of bad fit. Several well-known goodness-of-fit indices were used to evaluate model fit: the chi-square ÃÆ' Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡2, the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), the unadjusted Goodness-of-Fit Indices (GFI), the Normal Fit Index (NFI), the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), The Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) and the Standardized Root Mean square error Residual (SRMR). FIT Indexes for the INSURQUAL Structural equation model Goodness-of-fit measure Recommended level of GOF measure Final output ÃÆ' Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¡2 / Degree of Freedom 1 to 2 1.668 RMSEA 0.05 indicates very good fit(Threshold level=0.10) 0.069 PCLOSE P-Value for hypothesis test of RMSEA0.05 0.011 Tucker-Lewis index(TLI) 0 to 1 0.754 Comparative fit Index(CFI) 0 to 1 0.891 Normal fit index (NFI) 0 to 1 0.788 Finally the researcher empirically tested and proved the proposed conceptual model (Fig. 1.2, Page. 40) with structural equation modeling by using SPSS 18 and AMOS 18 packages and various goodness of fit indices. The researcher identify that the Policyholder Satisfaction is the mediating factor for the Life Insurance Loyalty in the study area. Hence Life Insurers would be concentrated on Policyholder Satisfaction to improve the Customer loyalty for the growth of Indian insurance sector. The major findings were; Policyholder satisfaction is the mediating factor for service quality in life insurance. Policyholder satisfaction mediates the cus tomer loyalty towards life insurance policies in Tamilnadu. Procedure and formalities and communication are the most influencing factors to the mediating factor. Charges and settlement of claims are also an influencing factor for quality of service in life insurance service quality. Care on customer also has an influence in the quality of service in life insurance service quality. All the dimensions of insurance service quality have positively influenced the mediating factor for life insurance. Limitations The researcher confines only to the policyholders of LIC of India and excludes other life insurance policyholders. The research is restricted to only in Tamilnadu.The research conducted only in the places of divisional zonal offices in Tamilnadu, which had considerable policy holders in the insurance market. While collecting the data, some of the respondents were hesitant to disclose certain details about the insurance agents. Conclusions and Future area of research It may be concluded that the responsiveness of service quality provides maximum customer satisfaction to the life insurance industry in India. With the increase in overall market size of the industry as well as increasing competition since 2000, different players of the industry should invest to improve the customer relationship and quality of services. Still some actions are needed for developing insurance market. Insurance industry has to go ahed. A lot of opportunities are still waiting. This research will help in developing the market share, Loyalty and further development in insurance sector. The study can be further extended to investigate the causal relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, loyalty and retention. Such a study would enhance the level of understanding for managers and academicians.